干摩擦条件下WC增强Cu—Mn—Ni复合涂层的磨损性能研究

通过钎焊工艺在 45 # 钢表面沉积WC颗粒增强Cu -Mn -Ni复合涂层 ,考察了WC颗粒尺寸及含量对WC/Cu-Mn -Ni复合涂层耐磨性能的影响 .实验结果表明 :在给定的试验条件下 ,当WC颗粒质量分数为 30 %而平均粒径为 15 0 μm时 ,复合涂层的耐磨性最佳 ;WC颗粒对复合涂层磨损过程及磨损机制具有显著的影响 ,磨损机理表现为表面微突体间相互滑动产生塑性变形、粘着、脆性剥落及犁削     

原位TiC颗粒增强灰铸铁复合材料的组织及其摩擦磨损性能

采用原位反应铸造法制备了TiC颗粒增强灰铸铁复合材料,并考察了复合材料的组织、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能．结果表明：随着合金熔体中Ti含量增加,复合材料中TiC颗粒的数量增加,尺寸减小,而石墨的数量降低,且其形态由片状转化为点状;含有大量TiC颗粒及少量点状石墨的复合材料的力学性能和耐磨性优良,即使在较高载荷下,复合材料中的TiC颗粒和点状石墨仍具有协同减摩抗磨作用,从而使得复合材料的摩擦磨损性能优于普通灰铸铁．     

Filtration in a Porous Granular Medium: 2. Application of Bubble Model to 1-D Column Experiments

This paper describes the formulation of a quasi-1-D network model, referred to as the ‘bubble model’, and its application for simulating particle transport and filtration through a granular filter bed. The model comprises a series of homogeneous sites linked through bundles of cylindrical bonds that represent flow pathways through distributions of pores and pore throats. This model incorporates pore scale processes of particle sieving and infiltration are based on numerical simulations described in a companion paper. The modeling of infiltration is further refined based on detailed experimental observations and measurements of the filtration of a dilute suspension of acrylic particles through a column of glass beads reported by Yoon et al. (2005 Water Resour. Res., to appear). Their data distinguish (a) between the collection of particles on grain surfaces and at grain-to-grain contact points, and (b) between particles that are fully entrapped and those that are hindered (temporarily collected) and can later become detached. These effects are represented by two parameters that characterize the probability of attachment and are linked to the surface roughness of the grains; one that describes the minimum particle size that can be fully entrapped, and one that describes the detachment rate. These parameters can be readily calibrated from conventional measurements of effluent concentration and effluent particle size distribution. Detailed comparisons with the data reported by Yoon et al. show that the proposed bubble model is able to achieve reliable predictions of the spatial distribution of particles within the filter bed following phases of particle injection and washing.     

沉淀对A1-Cu—Mg合金中锯齿形屈服现象影响及其微观实验研究

经固溶处理的A1-Cu—Mg合金在常应变率拉伸实验中具有显著的锯齿形屈服现象，且屈服行为随固溶处理温度的改变而呈现不同的特征。塑性变形特性与合金材料的微细观结构，尤其是位错运动的演化密切相关。本文运用透射电子显微镜，研究在不同温度下固溶处理的Al—Cu—Mg合金的微观结构，尤其是析出颗粒的大小和含量。并结合宏观的拉伸实验结果，分析Al—Cu—Mg合金动态应变时效的机制。     

负载纳米银复合微球制备及其催化性能

以具有温度和pH双重敏感性能的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)共聚丙烯酸(AA) P(NIPAM-co-AA)高分子微凝胶为模板, 以乙醇为还原剂, 原位还原得到负载纳米银的微米尺度Ag/P(NIPAM-co-AA)复合微凝胶材料. 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪和紫外-可见(UV-Vis)分光光度计等对复合材料的形貌、组成和催化性能进行表征. 研究结果表明, Ag/P(NIPAM-co-AA)复合微球具有均一的表面结构, 微凝胶的限域作用显著提高了纳米银的分散性和稳定性. 另外, Ag/P(NIPAM-co-AA)复合微球对对硝基苯酚(4-NP)的还原具有较好的催化活性, 且其催化活性与微凝胶网络结构的溶胀、收缩行为有一定关系, 即模板微凝胶的温敏特性可以实现对对硝基苯酚催化反应活性的调控作用.     

Electrical Properties of a Highly Charged Cylindrical Particle in a Symmetric Electrolyte Solution

Based on the extended Langmuir's method, accurate analytic expressions for the electrical properties of cylindrical colloidal particle in a solution of symmetric electrolyte are derived from the nonlinear cylindrical Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Comparison is made with previous literature results. The present formulae have good agreement with literature values and are quite simple for practical use.     

Alpha particle detector with planar double Schottky contacts directly fabricated on semi-insulating GaN:Fe template

Alpha particle radiation detectors with planar double Schottky contacts (DSC) are directly fabricated on 5-μm-thick epitaxial semi-insulating (SI) GaN:Fe film with resistivity higher than 1×10⁸Ω·cm. Under 10 V bias, the detector exhibits a low dark current of less than 5.0×10^-11 A at room-temperature, which increases at higher temperatures. Linear behavior in the semi-log reverse current-voltage plot suggests that Poole-Frenkel emission is the dominant carrier leakage mechanism at high bias. Distinct double-peak characteristics are observed in the energy spectrum of alpha particles regardless of bias voltage. The energy resolution of the SI-GaN based detector is determined to be ～ 8.6% at the deposited energy of 1.209 MeV with a charge collection efficiency of ～ 81.7%. At a higher temperature of 90 ℃, the measured full width at half maximum (FWHM) rises to 235 keV with no shift of energy peak position, which proves that the GaN detector has potential to work stably in high temperature environment. This study provides a possible route to fabricate the low cost GaN-based alpha particle detector with reasonable performance.     

X-射线荧光光谱法(XRF)测定钼精矿中多种元素

详细论述了压片法及熔融片法测定钼精矿的分析条件。其中压片法通过大量采用同一矿区的生产样品经化学定值后作为校准样品建立校准曲线,因此粒度效应和矿物效应基本上可忽略。详细地讨论了元素之间谱线干扰、背景和脉冲高度选择。使用经验系数法校正基体效应,可准确测定钼精矿中的钼、硫、铁、铜、铅、锌等11种元素。在熔融片法中主要讨论了元素谱线的选择及其相互之间的干扰,经理论α系数校正后,可准确测定不同钼矿中的多种元素,其适用范围更广。     

不同燃烧状态飞火颗粒自由燃烧规律研究

飞火是开放空间中大尺度火灾非连续性蔓延的主要形式。本文通过不同热流下的木质飞火颗粒自由燃烧实验,揭示不同燃烧状态飞火颗粒的结构变形、质量损失及温度分布的变化规律。研究表明,颗粒结构变形受材料化学反应机制和热机械力作用共同影响;颗粒燃烧反应易造成热解气体的内部积聚,以致内压激增、诱发喷射或喷溅细小颗粒的现象;阴燃过程颗粒表面温度变化较小但持续时间很长,明火状态的颗粒持续高温并且温度与质量变化剧烈。     

垂直旋转流场中单颗粒运动状态判别及受力分析

为研究单颗粒在旋转流场中的运动状态及受力情况,以毫米级球形颗粒为例,利用旋转流场颗粒运动装置,通过使用摄像机记录颗粒在流场中的运动轨迹以获取其运动参数,分析了不同转速和颗粒直径条件下颗粒的运动轨迹,拟合得到了颗粒运动状态判别公式以及颗粒运动轨迹公式,分析了颗粒在旋转流场中的受力情况。结果表明,颗粒在旋转流场平衡状态下运动状态主要分为两类,一类是未离开壁面保持静止,另一类是离开壁面保持稳定周向运动;颗粒进行周向运动的轨迹为椭圆形,并且圆心随着转速的增大靠近旋转中心,而随着粒径的增大靠近壁面;颗粒在旋转流场的运动过程中主要受到离心力和旋转科式力作用。